Basic Functions of HGH
HGH is a protein hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Its main role is to stimulate growth and regulate metabolism.
Key Functions:
| Category | Specific Effects |
|---|---|
| Growth & Development | Stimulates growth of bones and soft tissues, especially linear growth in children and adolescents. |
| Muscle | Increases protein synthesis → promotes muscle growth and repair. |
| Fat Metabolism | Stimulates lipolysis → reduces body fat. |
| Carbohydrate Metabolism | Affects blood sugar: can decrease insulin sensitivity → mild increase in blood glucose. |
| Bone Density | Stimulates bone formation → increases bone density and reduces fracture risk. |
| Tissue Repair | Promotes soft tissue repair and collagen production → improves skin elasticity and wound healing. |
| Immune Function | May modulate immune system activity, though mechanisms are not fully clear. |
1. Secretion Pattern:
HGH is secreted in pulses, peaking mainly during deep sleep.
Controlled by Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) and Somatostatin.
2. Feedback Mechanism:
HGH stimulates the liver to produce IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1) → promotes bone and muscle growth.
IGF-1 provides negative feedback to suppress further HGH secretion.
Clinical Applications
| Condition / Use | HGH Application |
|---|---|
| Childhood Growth Hormone Deficiency | Corrects short stature and promotes height gain. |
| Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency | Improves body composition (less fat, more muscle), increases bone density, and boosts energy levels. |
| Chronic Kidney Disease or Metabolic Disorders | Occasionally used to promote growth and metabolic support. |